Answer:
Solvolysis - A chemical reaction in which the solvent, such as water or alcohol, is one of the reagents and is present in great excess of that required for the reaction.
- H₂O ⇒ Dielectric constant is 78 and the relative rate is 150,000.
Note- Dielectric constant can be thought of as the solvent's ability to lower the internal charge of the solvent. So for that reason, the higher the dielectric constant the more polar the substance and in the case of SN1( Unimolecular Nucleophilic Substitution) reactions, the faster the rate.
Explanation:
We have provide an example of the reaction which can show the limitation to which the reaction's speed is all based upon the terms mentioned.Below is the same reaction conducted in two different solvents and the relative rate that corresponds with it.
- Examples of polar protic solvents are: acetic acid, isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, formic acid, water, etc.
- For the second equation sketch given, which shows the mechanism of an SN1 reaction of an alkyl halide with water. Since water is also the solvent, this is an example of a solvolysis reaction.
