In the Country A legal system, a defendant is presumed innocent until proven guilty. Consider a null hypothesis, Upper H 0, that the defendant is innocent, and an alternative hypothesis, Upper H 1, that the defendant is guilty. A jury has two possible decisions: Convict the defendant (i.e., reject the null hypothesis) or do not convict the defendant (i.e., do not reject the null hypothesis). Explain the meaning of the risks of committing either a Type I or Type II error in this example.

(A) A Type I error would be incorrectly convicting the defendant when he is guilty. A Type II error would be incorrectly failing to convict the defendant when he is innocent.
(B) A Type I error would be incorrectly convicting the defendant when he is innocent. A Type II error would be incorrectly failing to convict the defendant when he is guilty.
(C) A Type I error would be incorrectly failing to convict the defendant when he is guilty. A Type II error would be incorrectly convicting the defendant when he is innocent.
(D) A Type I error would be incorrectly failing to convict the defendant when he is innocent. A Type II error would be incorrectly convicting the defendant when he is guilty.

(C) A Type I error would be incorrectly failing to convict the defendant when he is guilty. A Type II error would be incorrectly convicting the defendant when he is innocent.

Step-by-step explanation:

Type I error is rejecting the true null hypothesis and type II error is not rejecting the false null hypothesis. Hence in this scenario, it will be:

A Type I error would be incorrectly convicting the defendant when he is innocent. A Type II error would be incorrectly failing to convict the defendant when he is guilty.

Option C is correct.