Question

Without doing any calculations, determine the sign of ΔSsys for each of the following chemical reactions.2O3(g)→3O2(g)2H2S(g)+3O2(g)→2H2O(g)+2SO2(g)SO3(g)+H2O(l)→H2SO4(l)PCl3(l)+Cl2(g)→PCl5(s)ΔSsys greater than 0 OR ΔSsys smaller than 0

Answer 1

Answer:

a) $2O_3(g)\rightarrow 3O_2(g)$: $\Delta S$ > 0

b) $2H_2S(g)+3O_2(g)\rightarrow 2H_2O(g)+2SO_2(g)$: $\Delta S$ < 0

c) $SO_3(g)+H_2O(l)\rightarrow H_2SO_4(l)$: $\Delta S$ <0

d)  $PCl_3(l)+Cl_2(g)rightarrow PCl_5(s)$: $\Delta S$ < 0

Explanation:

Entropy is the measure of randomness or disorder of a system. If a system moves from an ordered arrangement to a disordered arrangement, the entropy is said to decrease and vice versa.

$\Delta S$ is positive when randomness increases and $\Delta S$ is negative when randomness decreases.

a) $2O_3(g)\rightarrow 3O_2(g)$

As 2 moles of gaseous reactants are converted to 3 moles of gaseous products , randomness increases and thus sign of $\Delta S$  is positive.

b) $2H_2S(g)+3O_2(g)\rightarrow 2H_2O(g)+2SO_2(g)$

As 5 moles of gaseous reactants are converted to 4 moles of gaseous products , randomness decreases and thus sign of $\Delta S$  is negative.

c) $SO_3(g)+H_2O(l)\rightarrow H_2SO_4(l)$

As gas is changing to liquid, randomness decreases and thus sign of $\Delta S$ is negative.

d) $PCl_3(l)+Cl_2(g)rightarrow PCl_5(s)$

As gaseous and liquid reactants are converted to solid products , randomness decreases and thus sign of $\Delta S$ is negative

Answer 2

a) ΔSsys  > 0

b) ΔSsys  < 0

c) ΔSsys <0

d)  ΔSsys < 0

Entropy:

It is the measure of randomness or disorder of a system. If a moves from an ordered arrangement to a disordered arrangement, the entropy is said to decrease and vice versa.

ΔS is positive when randomness increases and ΔS is negative when randomness decreases.

a) 2O₃(g)→3O₂(g)

2 moles of gaseous reactants are converted to 3 moles of gaseous products , randomness increases and thus sign of ΔS  is positive.

b) 2H₂S(g)+3O₂(g)→2H₂O(g)+2SO₂(g)

5 moles of gaseous reactants are converted to 4 moles of gaseous products , randomness decreases and thus sign of ΔS  is negative.

c) SO₃(g)+H₂O(l)→H₂SO₄(l)

As gas is changing to liquid, randomness decreases and thus sign of ΔS  is negative.

d) PCl₃(l)+Cl₂(g)→PCl(s)

As gaseous and liquid reactants are converted to solid products , randomness decreases and thus sign of ΔS  is negative.

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