Successful ethical discussion depends on people who have a clear sense of personal values. When a group of people shares many of the same values, it may be possible to refer for guidance to philosophical principles of utilitarianism. Which statement describes utilitarianism?
a. The value of something is determined by its usefulness to society.
b. People's values are determined by religious leaders.
c. The decision to perform a liver transplant depends on a measure of the moral life that the patient has led so far.
d. The best way to determine the solution to an ethical dilemma is to refer the case to the attending physician or health care provider.
