N.T., a 79-year-old woman, arrived at the emergency room with expressive aphasia, left facial droop, left-sided hemiparesis, and mild dysphagia. Her husband states that when she awoke that morning at 0600, she stayed in bed complaining of a mild headache over the right temple, was fatigued, and felt slightly weak. He went and got coffee, thinking that it was unusual for her to have those complaints, he went to check on her and found that she was having trouble saying words and had a slight left-sided facial droop.When he helped her up from the bedside, he noticed weakness in her left hand and convinced her to come to the emergency department. Her past medical history includes paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, hypertension (HTN), hyperlipidemia.
A recent cardiac stress test was normal, and her blood pressure has been well controlled. N.T. is currently taking flecainide (Tambocor), hormone replacement therapy, amlodipine (Norvasc), aspirin, simvastatin (Zocor), and lisinopril (Zestril). The physician suspects N.T. has experienced an acute cerebrovascular accident (CVA).CVA refers to the damage of some cells, which occurs due to the loss of supply of oxygen to the brain. It is commonly known as a Stroke. It is usually caused due to thrombosis, where there is formation of blood clot due to the disposition of calcium and cholesterol in the artery of the brain.
1. What role diagnostic tests play in evaluating N.T for a suspected CVA?
2. Explain how knowing the type of CVA is an important factor in planning care

Diagnostic tests are used to examine how the brain looks, works and obtains its blood supply. They can outline the injured area of the brain and sometimes determine the cause of the stroke.

Explain how knowing the type of CVA is an important factor in planning care.

We need to know whether the stroke is ischemic or hemorrhagic because that can help determine the type of treatment. If the stroke is hemorrhagic, it is the most serious and neurosurgery needs to be contacted right away.

Medications to manage blood pressure need to be given to control bleeding because the body compensates immediately by increasing blood pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure. If it was an ischemic CVA.

Thus, it is very important to know what type of CVA it is in order to implement the appropriate treatment.

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