Question

Match the following items. 1 . gas low energy 2 . solid matter is continuously in motion 3 . Kinetic Molecular Theory rapid, random motion 4 . Boyle's Law relates pressure and volume 5 . Charles's Law relates volume and temperature

Answer 1

Explanation:

• As molecules in a solid substance are placed closer to each other because of existence of strong forces of attraction. So, these molecules are unable to move randomly but they are able to vibrate at their mean position.

Hence, molecules of a solid have low energy.

• In gases, molecules are held by weak intermolecular forces. So, they are able to move randomly from one place to another. Hence, they have high kinetic energy.

• According to Kinetic Molecular Theory, molecules of a gas are always in constant motion and they tend to exhibit a perfect elastic collision.

This means that in kinetic molecular theory molecules of a gas are in rapid, random motion.

• Boyle's Law states that pressure is inversely proportional to the volume of the gas at constant temperature and number of moles.

                 $P\propto \frac{1}{V}$     (at constant temperature and number of moles)

• Charles' Law states that volume is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas at constant pressure and number of moles.  

                 $V\propto T$     (at constant pressure and number of moles)

Thus, we can conclude that the given items are matched as follows.

1.  gas - continuously in motion.

2. solid matter - low energy.

3. Kinetic Molecular Theory - rapid, random motion.

4. Boyle's Law - relates pressure and volume.

5. Charles's Law - relates volume and temperature.