Question

A toy car has an initial acceleration of 2 m/s" across a horizontal surface after it is released from rest. After the car travels for a timet
consisting of only the car an open system or a closed system, and why?
Open system because the acceleration of the car is not constant.
Open system, because an external force is applied to the car that causes it to accelerate.
Closed system, because the speed of the car is as expected in the case where an object has uniform acceleration for a timet
Closed system because mechanical energy was not removed from the system as a result of a net force
Rie
B
7:53 PM
12/11/2019

Answer 1

Answer:

Closed system, because the speed of the car is as expected in the case where an object has uniform acceleration for a time t

Explanation:

Here in the question it is mentioned that a toy car has an initial acceleration of 2m/s²  across a horizontal surface so we can say that it is acted upon by an external force

Assuming that the acceleration is constant and the reason for this assumption is there at the last

The major difference between an open system and closed system is in case of open system there will be transfer of matter and in case of closed system there will be no change in matter of the system

If acceleration is constant in case of closed system we can expect the speed of the car after a time t by using the formula

  s = u×t + 0·5×a×t²

where s is the distance travelled

t is the time taken to travel that distance

u is the initial velocity

a is the acceleration of that system

But in case of open system as there will be a change of mass there will be a change in velocity of the system so in this case we cannot expect the speed of the car after a time t

And if the acceleration is not constant then we cannot say that the toy car is an open system or closed system, that is why we are assuming that the acceleration of the toy car is constant

Answer 2

The car is considered as an open system, because an external force is applied to the car that causes constant acceleration of car. Hence, option (B) is correct.

The system isolated from its surrounding is known as closed-system. While, in an open system, the flow of information between the system and surrounding takes place, to cause any change in the system.

As per the concept of open and closed system:

• The given problem indicates that car has initial acceleration of $2 \;\rm m/s^{2}$, travels for time t . Which means the car is accelerating constantly.
• And for a constant acceleration, there must be some external force acting on the car.

Hence, the car must be considered an an open system, because the acceleration of car is related with the force, which is being applied from the outside of frame of reference.

Thus, we can conclude that considering only car is an open system because external force is applied to the car that causes it to accelerate. Hence, option (B) is correct.

Learn more about open and close physical system here:

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