Question

What are the advantages of a bicameral [two houses/governing bodies] structure of Congress proposed by the Constitution as opposed to the unicameral [one house/governing body] structure proposed by the Articles of Confederation?

Answer 1

Answer:

The structure of Congress under the Articles of Confederation was unicameral: each state had between two and seven congressmen, depending on state's population, and was appointed directly by each state legislature.

This structure favored the most populated states such as Pennsylvania over the least populated, because the more populated a state, the more delegates it could send to Congress.

When the US Constitution was ratified, Congress became bicameral mainly for two reasons:

1. To give both the most populated states and the least populated states fair representation. This was achieved by implementing the Connecticut Compromise: The Senate was meant to equally favor each state, regarless of population, thus, each state was entitled to two senators. And The House was designed to favor the most populated states: House representatives are proportional to population.
2. To further the development of checks and balances. A unicameral Congress is more powerful than a bicameral Congress. Both House and the Senate have some specific powers, but for most issues, they have to work together. This avoids concentration of power.

These two points can be thought of as the advantages the US Congress under the current constitution has over the previous Congress under the Articles of Confederation.

Answer 2

The advantage of a bicameral structure of Congress proposed by the Constitution instead of the unicameral structure proposed by the Articles of Confederation is that it creates the "Checks and Balances."

This is evident in the fact that a bicameral legislative means two houses of legislative which constitute the House of Representatives and the Senate.

By having the two houses decide, the members would be too large for the executive to control or make decisions that reflect abuse of power.

This is based on the idea that when the decision-makers are more, there would be so much conflict that there would be no majority dominating minority.

Thus, any decisions made from such bodies would reflect what everybody or the parties involved want.

Hence, in this case, it is concluded that the advantage of bicameral over unicameral is the checks and balances.

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