Eutrophication is caused mainly due to fertilizers in the water runoff. Therefore, B is the correct option.
Eutrophication is a process that takes place due to excess nutrients in a body of water like ponds and lakes. It is the incremental increase of phosphorus, nitrogen, and other plants and minerals in the water that results in the increase in fertility of the ecosystem in the water body. The increase in fertility means an excess of nutrients in the body of water, which causes many blooms and fungi to survive in the water.
Eutrophication results in uncleared water, which does not let the sunlight pass through. This causes less photosynthesis in the plants and their eventual deaths. The death of plants in the ponds affects the plant-based organisms in the water, which ultimately affects the whole ecosystem of the water body,
The fertilizers used in agriculture are one of the main reasons behind eutrophication. Therefore, B is the correct option.
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