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Life in Australia has a lot in common with many Western countries. It has a free-market economy that focuses on consumerism. People work hard most of their lives to pay for goods or services to better their lives and the lives of their families. But there are subtle differences even between Western, highly developed countries.
Australia is influenced heavily by British culture - a majority of Australians claim English, Scottish or Irish descent. But there's also a lot of influence from the native cultures of Australia, who are called Aborigines. The artwork of Australia often references the Outback and shows a romanticism about it that reflects the native people. However, the native Aborigines are not especially well-treated, nor are they well integrated into modern society compared to some places, most notably New Zealand nearby.
Many of the ways Australian society is structured come from their British roots. Australia has a parliament and is a constitutional monarchy with Queen Elizabeth II on their currency. Most Australians like this arrangement. Australians are generally a little more laid-back about life than, say, Americans. Sports like rugby and cricket are important to them.
Australia is overall very much a right-wing country but less so than the United States. Because of this, they have more significant social support systems, though not as strong as the supports in parts of Europe. The healthcare system is largely public, with the government paying for the majority of healthcare. Around 18% is paid for by citizens out of pocket and 8% by optional private insurance that about half of citizens have in order to supplement what the government already provides. It's a much cheaper system than the United States but with excellent outcomes and a higher life expectancy. Living in Australia means never worrying that you won't be able to pay for healthcare costs if you get sick, which probably helps them maintain a more laid-back approach to life. Australia also has greater social mobility than most countries in the Western world.
Life in New Zealand
Life in New Zealand has a lot of similarities with Australia. They have the same kind of economy, the same ties with British culture (for example, the Queen is also on their currency). But one notable difference is the integration of the native Maori into New Zealand culture. A full 15% of New Zealand citizens identified as ethnically Maori as of 2013, and Maori languages and ceremonies are included in national events, from the Maori having their own national anthems to the Haka greeting for foreign dignitaries.
Another major difference is that New Zealand is less urban. While Australia is huge, the population is heavily concentrated in city areas, and much of the Outback is hot, unforgiving desert. In New Zealand, on the other hand, the whole country contains temperate, pleasant weather. Yet the population is only 4.5 million. Even the biggest cities are modest in size. It is said that there are more sheep than people in New Zealand.
The people of New Zealand are often described as being among the friendliest in the world. While Australia might be laid-back, New Zealand takes that a step further. The pace of life is exceedingly slow and relaxed.
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