Question

Write net Brønsted equations that show the acidic or basic nature of the following solutions in water. For polyprotic species (vitamin C, lemon juice, and washing soda), show only one proton transfer. Remember that spectator ions are not included. (Use the lowest possible coefficients. Omit states-of-matter in your answer.)

(a) vinegar (acetic acid, HC2H3O2)
(b) bleach (sodium hypochlorite, NaOCl)
(c) ammonia (NH3)
(d) Vitamin C (ascorbic acid, H2C6H6O6)
(e) lemon juice (citric acid, H3C6H5O7)
(f) washing soda (sodium carbonate, Na2CO3)

Answer 1

Answer:

The reactions are shown in the explanation

Explanation:

The net bronsted equation will include the acid / base and its dissciated product. (conjugate base or acid and hydrogen or hydroxide ions)

a) Vinegar

$CH{3}COOH+H_{2}O--->CH{3}COO^{-}+H_{3}O^{+}$

b) bleach

$NaOCl+H_{2}O--->HOCl+Na^{+}+OH^{-}$

c) ammonia

$NH_{3}+H_{2}O--->NH_{4}^{+}+OH^{-}$

d)Vitamin C

$H_{2}C_{6}H_{6}O_{6}+H_{2}O--->HC_{6}H_{6}O_{6}^{-}+H_{3}O^{+}$

e)Citric acid

$H_{3}C_{6}H_{6}O_{7}+H_{2}O--->H_{2}C_{6}H_{6}O_{7}^{-}+H_{3}O^{+}$

f) Washing soda

$Na_{2}CO_{3} +H_{2}O--->NaHCO_{3}^{-}+OH^{-}$

Answer 2

The net Brønsted equations that show the acidic or basic nature of the following solutions in water are:

(a) HC₂H₃O₂ + H₂O ⇒ C₂H₃O₂⁻ + H₃O⁺

(b) OCl⁻ + H₂O ⇒ HClO + OH⁻

(c) NH₃ + H₂O ⇒ NH₄⁺ + OH⁻

(d) H₂C₆H₆O₆ + H₂O ⇒ HC₆H₆O₆⁻ + H₃O⁺

(e) H₃C₆H₅O₇ + H₂O ⇒ H₂C₆H₅O₇⁻ + H₃O⁺

(f) CO₃²⁻ + H₂O ⇒ HCO₃⁻ + OH⁻

According to Brønsted-Lowry acid-base theory:

• An acid is a species that donates H⁺.
• A base is a species that accepts H⁺.

Let's consider the net Brønsted equations for the following species.

(a) vinegar (acetic acid, HC₂H₃O₂)

HC₂H₃O₂ is an acid according to the following equation.

HC₂H₃O₂ + H₂O ⇒ C₂H₃O₂⁻ + H₃O⁺

(b) bleach (sodium hypochlorite, NaOCl)

NaOCl is a base according to the following equation.

OCl⁻ + H₂O ⇒ HClO + OH⁻

(c) ammonia (NH₃)

NH₃ is a base according to the following equation.

NH₃ + H₂O ⇒ NH₄⁺ + OH⁻

(d) Vitamin C (ascorbic acid, H₂C₆H₆O₆)

H₂C₆H₆O₆ is an acid according to the following equation.

H₂C₆H₆O₆ + H₂O ⇒ HC₆H₆O₆⁻ + H₃O⁺

(e) lemon juice (citric acid, H₃C₆H₅O₇)

H₃C₆H₅O₇ is an acid according to the following equation.

H₃C₆H₅O₇ + H₂O ⇒ H₂C₆H₅O₇⁻ + H₃O⁺

(f) washing soda (sodium carbonate, Na₂CO₃)

Na₂CO₃ is a base according to the following equation.

CO₃²⁻ + H₂O ⇒ HCO₃⁻ + OH⁻

The net Brønsted equations that show the acidic or basic nature of the following solutions in water are:

(a) HC₂H₃O₂ + H₂O ⇒ C₂H₃O₂⁻ + H₃O⁺

(b) OCl⁻ + H₂O ⇒ HClO + OH⁻

(c) NH₃ + H₂O ⇒ NH₄⁺ + OH⁻

(d) H₂C₆H₆O₆ + H₂O ⇒ HC₆H₆O₆⁻ + H₃O⁺

(e) H₃C₆H₅O₇ + H₂O ⇒ H₂C₆H₅O₇⁻ + H₃O⁺

(f) CO₃²⁻ + H₂O ⇒ HCO₃⁻ + OH⁻

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