Question

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Answer 1

Answer:

The electrons that whiz about outside the nucleus have a negative charge. They are held in the atom by the positive charge of the nucleus. ... An atom that gains or loses an electron becomes an ion. If it gains a negative electron, it becomes a negative ion.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

Question 1; The atom that has lost an electron becomes a positively charged ion (called a cation), while the atom that picks up the extra electron becomes a negatively charged ion (called an anion).

Explanation:

Question 2;  Van der Waals forces hold liquids and solids together and help determine their physical characteristics.