Question

The evolution of eukaryotic cells most likely involved ________.

Answer 1

Answer:

The evolution of the Eukaryote cell is most likely involves the endosymbiosis of an smaller bacteria that might be aerobic bacteria by a larger bacteria.  

Then this smaller bacteria must remain in symbiotic association with the larger bacteria and it must evolve in organelles like chloroplast or mitochondria and the larger prokaryotic cell must be evolved in an Eukaryota cell.

This theory is called endosymbiotic theory and is supported by the similarities of organelle like chloroplast and mitochondria present in eukaryotic cells with prokaryotic cells.  

Answer 2

The endosymbiotic theory states that eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic microorganisms. This theory proposes that mitochondria and chloroplasts were once prokaryotic microbes.

• The endosymbiotic theory states that early eukaryotes appeared when large prokaryotic microorganisms engulfed prokaryotic aerobic microbes, and then they co-evolved together until could not exist independently.

• In endosymbiotic theory, the 'engulfed' aerobic prokaryotic microorganisms evolved in eukaryotic organelles, i.e., mitochondria and chloroplasts.

The evidence that supports the endosymbiotic theory include:

1. Both mitochondria and chloroplasts have a similar size as prokaryotic microorganisms.
2. Both mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own bacteria-like circular DNA and divide by binary fission.
3. Both mitochondria and chloroplasts have bacteria-like 70S ribosomes.

In conclusion, the evolution of eukaryotic cells most likely involved endosymbiosis of an anaerobic bacterium in a larger host cell—the endosymbiont evolved into mitochondria.

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