Question

what is a political machine

Answer 1

It's a political organization in which an authoritative boss or small group commands the support of a corps of supporters and business (usually campaign workers), who receive rewards for their efforts.

Answer 2

A political machine is a political group where an authoritative leader or small commanding group directs the actions of supporters and businesses, who are rewarded for their efforts. The power exercised by the political machine is measured in terms of the ability it has to gain votes for its candidate when an election is celebrated.

This scheme is commonly connected to political parties and organizations. The term was coined in the 20th century in the US.