We have two surfaces of nerve cell the outer and inner surface
- resting : when the outer layer ion charges more positively than the inner layer - depolarization : we have the counter part of this state
- repolarization : return to the polarization
- hyperpolarization : the inner negative ion charges will be more negative even more than the resting potential
Resting potential: the inside of the neuron's axon is -70mV versus the outside of the membrane
Threshold potential: If the impulse that is received by this neuron's dendrtes meets or exceeds its threshold level enough Na+ activation gates (which are protein ion channels in the axon membrane) will open and Na+ will start to flow into the axon following a charge and concentration gradient.
Depolarization: If the action potential has been initiated (and Na+ has started to move into the axon) then the internal negative charged areas of the membrane will open their Na+ gates as well.
Repolarization: Once K+ have started to move outside of the axon, the original charges along the axon membrane start to become reestablished
Hope That Helps!
Answer:
Resting potential is when there are more positively charged ions outside the cell than there are inside the cell, and this is the regular state.
Threshold potential is when there is a triggering event that depolarizes the cell body, where positively charged ions enter the cell body at a rapid rate.
Depolarization is when the membrane potential gets smaller, and the cell begins to equalize itself on the inside and out. Positively charged ions enter the negatively charged axon, resulting in the cell being positively charged.
Repolarization brings the cell back to its resting potential - the ion gates of the cell close, keeping the positively charged ions out, while the potassium gates remain open.
