Answer:
e. structurally unemployed.
Explanation:
Structural unemployment: It refers to a mismatch or discrepancy between the skills of the unemployed person and the jobs available. Structural unemployment occurs when finding a job becomes difficult for people due to the shift in the economy. In this scenario, the process of outsourcing becomes possible.
Causes:
1. Occupational immobilities.
2. Geographical immobilities.
3. Labour market flexibility.
Jamal would be considered as structurally unemployed.