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A study investigated whether injecting mice with a certain hormone would affect the time it takes them to learn a task. Learning times of 12 mice with the hormone injected were compared with those of 12 mice without the hormone injected. The mean of the learning times for each of the two conditions was calculated. Then, the difference of the means was calculated:
mean(no hormone injected) – mean(hormone injected) = 30 seconds
All 24 measurements were then randomly divided into two groups of 12. This was repeated 400 times, and each time the difference of the group means was calculated. Which outcome of this resampling procedure would most strongly support the hypothesis that the hormone improves learning in mice?
A.
In 200 cases the difference was greater than or equal to 12.
B.
In 24 cases the difference was less than or equal to 12.
C.
In 6 cases the absolute value of the difference was greater than or equal to 30.
D.
In 12 cases the absolute value of the difference was less than or equal to 30.