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The Supreme Court is vested with the powers of a supreme national court and legal arbiter of constitutionality. Decisions of the Supreme Court develop the constitutional legal doctrine in the field of individual rights and freedoms.
The source of judicial power in the United States is the Constitution. Thus, section 1 of article III of the US Constitution states that the judicial power of the United States is exercised by the Supreme Court and those inferior courts, which will be occasionally established by Congress. Both judges of the Supreme Court and judges of inferior courts retain their positions as long as their behavior is impeccable (“good”); at stated times, they receive remuneration for their service, which cannot be reduced while they are in office.
The decision in the case of Marbury v. Madison (1803), often called the most important in the history of the Supreme Court, introduced the principle of judicial review and the power of this court to determine the constitutionality of regulatory documents of legislative and executive authorities.
One of the most frequently repeated allegations regarding members of the U.S. Supreme Court is that no matter what the circumstances of their appointment, upon assuming office, judges will always strongly show independence from other branches of government, including independence from the presidents who appointed them.
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