Because it takes many years before newly planted orange trees bear fruit, the supply curve in the short run is almost vertical. In the long run, farmers can decide whether to plant oranges on their land, to plant something else, or to sell their land altogether. Therefore, the long-run supply of oranges is much more price sensitive than the short-run supply of oranges.

Elasticity is a concept that aims to measure supply sensitivity in the face of price changes. When slight variations in price significantly alter supply, we say that the eye is elastic (price sensitive). On the contrary, when price changes do not significantly alter supply we say that supply is inelastic. In the long run, the oranges producer can decide in advance whether or not to produce oranges. This way it will produce if the price is attractive, ie in the long run the supply of oranges is elastic. However, in the short term oranges have already been planted and harvested, so not selling oranges is not a choice, otherwise oranges spoil. This makes the orange supply curve perfectly inelastic, ie regardless of price the amount of oranges offered will be the same. Therefore, the supply curve is considered to be a straight line on a chart where price is on the Y axis and quantity on the axis. I put an illustration to demonstrate this. Regardless of price, the supply curve will be the same at point Q. This means that supply is perfectly price-inelastic in the short run.