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A pH scale measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in acidic and alkaline solutions.
In chemistry, pH literally means the power of hydrogen ions and it is a measure of the molar concentration of hydrogen ions in a particular solution; thus, specifying the acidity, neutrality or basicity of any chemical solution.
A pH meter can be defined as a scientific instrument (device) designed and developed for the measurement of the hydrogen-ion concentration in water-based solutions, so as to determine their level of acidity or alkanility.
On a pH scale, a solution with a pH of 7 is neutral, a solution with a pH below 7 is acidic and a solution is considered to be basic (alkaline) when its pH is above 7.
Acid strength refers to a measure of the ability of an acid to dissociate (ionize or split) into an anion and a proton. It is typically measured in pKa.
A strong acid can be defined as an acid that completely dissociates (ionizes or splits) in a water solution, usually by loosing a proton.
Basically, the pKa of a strong acid is less than zero (0). Some examples of a strong acid are;
A weak acid can be defined as an acid that occasionally dissociates (ionizes or splits) in a water solution. Thus, the pKa of a weak acid is usually greater than one (1). Some examples of a weak acid are;
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