Question

Most proteins in present-day mitochondria are made by cytoplasmic ribosomes from mRNA transcribed from nuclear genes. Can this fact be reconciled with the hypothesis described in the passage?

A. Yes; the transfer of genes from symbionts to the eukaryotic nucleus could have occurred during the last billion years of evolution.
B. Yes; this difference from bacteria is unimportant, because the many similarities between bacteria and mitochondria provide sufficient evidence in favor of the hypothesis.
C. No; the fact that mitochondrial proteins are made in the cytoplasm is convincing evidence that mitochondria do not have a bacterial origin.
D. No; because bacteria can make all their own proteins and mitochondria cannot, this disproves the hypothesis.

Answer 1

Answer:

Yes; this difference from bacteria is unimportant, because the many similarities between bacteria and mitochondria provide sufficient evidence in favor of the hypothesis.

Explanation:

The passage speaks about the protein synthesising ability of bacteria and mitochondria. The bacteria are single-celled microorganism and they are prokaryotic. They lack membrane bound organelles such as mitochondria. But both mitochondria as well as the bacteria has certain similarities.

The structural similarities between the cell organelle and the organism shows favourable evidence that most proteins in present-day mitochondria are made by cytoplasmic ribosomes from mRNA transcribed from nuclear genes.