Respuesta :
Answer :
(a) The compound benzene follow the Trouton's rule.
(b) The compound toluene follow the Trouton's rule.
(c) The compound nonane follow the Trouton's rule.
(d) The compound chloroform follow the Trouton's rule.
(e) The compound ethanol does not follow the Trouton's rule.
(f) The compound water does not follow the Trouton's rule.
Explanation :
Trouton's rule : According to this rule, the molar entropy of vaporization should be constant that means,
[tex]\Delta S_{vap}=85-88J/K.mole[/tex]
Formula used : [tex]\Delta S=\frac{\Delta H_{vap}}{T_b}[/tex]
Now we have to determine the molar entropy of vaporization for the following compounds.
(a) For Benzene:
Boiling point = 353.1 K
Enthalpy of vaporization = 30.72 kJ/mole = 30720 J/mole
[tex]\Delta S=\frac{30720J/mole}{353.1K}=87.00J/K.mole[/tex]
Thus, this compound is follow the Trouton's rule.
(b) For Toluene:
Boiling point = 383.6 K
Enthalpy of vaporization = 33.18 kJ/mole = 33180 J/mole
[tex]\Delta S=\frac{33180J/mole}{383.6K}=86.49J/K.mole[/tex]
Thus, this compound is follow the Trouton's rule.
(c) For Nonane:
Boiling point = 423.8 K
Enthalpy of vaporization = 37.18 kJ/mole = 37180 J/mole
[tex]\Delta S=\frac{37180J/mole}{423.8K}=87.73J/K.mole[/tex]
Thus, this compound is follow the Trouton's rule.
(d) For Chloroform :
Boiling point = 334.2 K
Enthalpy of vaporization = 29.24 kJ/mole = 29240 J/mole
[tex]\Delta S=\frac{29240J/mole}{334.2K}=87.49J/K.mole[/tex]
Thus, this compound is follow the Trouton's rule.
(e) For Ethanol:
Boiling point = 351.3 K
Enthalpy of vaporization = 38.56 kJ/mole = 38560 J/mole
[tex]\Delta S=\frac{38560J/mole}{351.3K}=109.76J/K.mole[/tex]
Thus, this compound is not follow the Trouton's rule.
(f) For Water:
Boiling point = 373 K
Enthalpy of vaporization = 40.65 kJ/mole = 40650 J/mole
[tex]\Delta S=\frac{40650J/mole}{373K}=108.98J/K.mole[/tex]
Thus, this compound is not follow the Trouton's rule.
Calculations using the Trouton rule shows mathematically, that these compounds follow the Trouton's Rule
- Chloroform
- Nonane
- Toluene
- Benzene
Which of the following compounds follow Trouton's rule?
Trouton's rule states that the the molar entropy of vaporization should be constant.
Generally, the equation for the Trouton's rule is mathematically given as
dS=dHvap*Tb
Where
dS_{vap}=85-88J/K.mole
Henec concidering each boiling point
For Chloroform :
Enthalpy of vaporization = 29240 J/mole
[tex]dS=\frac{29240J/mole}{334.2K}[/tex]
dS=87.49J/K.mole
For Toluene
Enthalpy of vaporization = 33180 J/mole
[tex]dS=\frac{33180J/mole}{383.6K}[/tex]
dS=86.49J/K.mole
For Benzene
Enthalpy of vaporization 30720 J/mole
[tex]dS=\frac{30720J/mole}{353.1K}[/tex]
dS=87.00J/K.mole
For Nonane:
Enthalpy of vaporization =37180 J/mole
[tex]dS=\frac{37180J/mole}{423.8K}[/tex]
dS=87.73J/K.mole
For Water:
Enthalpy of vaporization = 40650 J/mole
[tex]dS=\frac{40650J/mole}{373K}[/tex]
dS=108.98J/K.mole
For Ethanol:
Enthalpy of vaporization = 38560 J/mole
[tex]dS=\frac{38560J/mole}{351.3K}[/tex]
dS=109.76J/K.mole
In conclusion, the compounds that follow the Trouton's rule. are
- Chloroform
- Nonane
- Toluene
- Benzene
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