Answer:
d. alteration or destruction of the physical habitat
Explanation:
The situation with the extinction rates of the species is alarming to say the least. Around 73% of the species have gone extinct or become endangered, vulnerable, or rare. This is actually leading to a situation where the humans create a sixth mass extinction. The main reason for this are the human activities, more specifically, the alteration of the physical environment to suit the human needs, or the destruction of it. This has led to direct destruction of species, or indirect by totally destroying their habitat.