Answer:
Control is transmitted to the operating system when an interrupt happens, which determines what action is to be done to be taken or usually what interrupt services.
- If the kernel leaves data in the memory space of a user program when returning from a system call, it may be possible for a malicious user to use this data to find out about other processes.
- In these systems, the kernel synchronizes by preventing interrupts in critical sections with interrupt handlers on a processor.
- Operating system may crash if it controls the interrupts because a poorly written user program does not provide sufficient stacking room.
