Question

3.
A hardware store sells three types of shovels, spade, flat, and square. The spade costs $16.00, the flat costs $9.60, and the square costs $12.80 each. The store keeps an inventory of 80 shovels. They always buy twice as many spade shovels as square. One day, after selling out of shovels, the store had receipts totaling $1,072.00. Find how many of each type of shovel were sold that day.

a. Write a system of equations to represent the information given.
b. Put the system into a matrix. Name the matrix using dimensions.
c. What is the determinant of the coefficients?
d. Use Cramer’s rule to solve the system.
e. If the store doubled all prices and inventory, what would the new matrix be?

Answer 1

Answer:

See explanation

Step-by-step explanation:

Let x be the number of spade shovels, y -the number of flat shovels and z - the number of square showels sold that day.

The store keeps an inventory of 80 shovels, then

x+y+z=80

The store always buy twice as many spade shovels as square, so

x=2z

The total cost of all shovels is

16x+9.60y+12.80z=1,072

a) The system of three equations is

$\left\{\begin{array}{l}x+y+z=80\\ \\x=2z\\ \\16x+9.60y+12.80z=1,072\end{array}\right.$

b) In matrix form this is

$\left(\begin{array}{ccc}1&1&1\\ 1&0&-2\\ 16&9.60&12.80\end{array}\right)\cdot \left(\begin{array}{c}x\\y\\z\end{array}\right)=\left(\begin{array}{c}80\\0\\1,072\end{array}\right)$

c) The determinant is

$\left\|\begin{array}{ccc}1&1&1\\ 1&0&-2\\ 16&9.60&12.80\end{array}\right\|=0-32+9.60-0+19.20-12.80=-16$

d) Find three determinants:

$\left\|\begin{array}{ccc}80&1&1\\ 0&0&-2\\ 1,072&9.60&12.80\end{array}\right\|=0-2,144+0-0+1,536-0=-608$

$\left\|\begin{array}{ccc}1&80&1\\ 1&0&-2\\ 16&1,072&12.80\end{array}\right\|=0-2,560+1,072-0+2,144-1,024=-368$

$\left\|\begin{array}{ccc}1&1&80\\ 1&0&0\\ 16&9.60&1,072\end{array}\right\|=0+0+768-0-0-1,072=-304$

So,

$x=\dfrac{-608}{-16}=38\\ \\y=\dfrac{-368}{-16}=23\\ \\z=\dfrac{-304}{-16}=19$

e) If the store doubled all prices and inventory, then the new matrix is

$\left(\begin{array}{ccc}1&1&1\\ 1&0&-2\\ 32&19.20&25.60\end{array}\right)\cdot \left(\begin{array}{c}x\\y\\z\end{array}\right)=\left(\begin{array}{c}160\\0\\2,144\end{array}\right)$