Answer:
A. Genetic predispositions.
Explanation:
It is known as a genetic predisposition to the way in which the genetic phenotype of an organism influences an individual or a population. The phenotype is the genetic load that differs from one organism to another and that is usually modified by the environmental conditions to which the population is exposed.
In this case, Donna and Derek have phenotypes that react differently to sun exposure, which is why their skin burns to a greater or lesser intensity. It is very likely that Donna's ancestors came from a hot environment where they were frequently exposed to the sun, while Derek's ancestors were from a colder environment where there was less exposure to the sun.
The genetic phenotype can also define the probability that an individual or population has of having a disease or having certain physical characteristics.
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