Assuming the other respondent gave the accurate list of choices for the question, the answer (as noted) is:
D. Because they should be accountable to the people, governments must protect the natural rights of its citizens or else be overthrown.
Here's further explanation:
17th century philosopher John Locke favored the idea of a "social contract." According to his view, a government's power to govern comes from the consent of the people themselves -- those who are to be governed. This was a change from the previous ideas of "divine right monarchy" -- that a king ruled because God appointed him to be the ruler.
Locke repudiated the views of divine right monarchy in his First Treatise on Civil Government. Locke took aim at the arguments of a particular divine right monarchy theorist, Robert Filmer, who traced authority to rule back to Adam, the first man created by God. Locke gave logical rebuttal to show that if that if that were so, then there should only be one true heir in the world today that would rule by divine right as the one king over the whole world. (Locke also presented other reasoned arguments against divine right theory, but that's one example of how his thinking proceeded.)
In his Second Treatise on Civil Government, Locke argued for the rights of the people to create their own governments according to their own desires and for the sake of protecting their own life, liberty, and property. Locke argued that the people always remain in charge, and asserted that the people have the power to change their government and remove government leaders if the government is not properly serving the needs and well-being of the people.
The American founding fathers read Locke (as well as other Enlightenment writers). The American Revolution (1775-1783) was inspired by ideas such as those of Locke. Also the French Revolution (1789-1799) took cues from the political philosophy of John Locke, overthrowing the unwanted monarchy of Louis XVI.
