for the topic of conjugate acids and bases you know that the if you have an acid (sometimes labeled as HA), its conjugate base is HA minus one H⁺ ion (sometimes called a proton). The conjugate base of HCl is Cl₋, the conjugate base of H₂SO₄ is HSO₄⁻, the conjugate base of CH₃COOH is CH₃COO⁻, and so on. To find the conjugate acid of a base, you have to reverse that process. The conjugate acid of HCO₃⁻ is H₂CO₃, the conjugate acid of NH₃ is NH₄⁺, the conjugate acid of PO₄³⁻ is HPO₄²⁻, and so on.
examples:
HCl+H₂O⇒H₃O⁺+Cl⁻
acid=HCl, base=H₂O, conjugate base=Cl⁻, and conjugate acid=H₃O⁺
NH₃+H₂O⇒NH₄⁺+OH⁻
acid=H₂O, base=NH₃, conjugate base=OH⁻, and conjugate acid=NH₄⁺
I hope this helps. Let me know if anything is unclear or you want me to explain anything further.
