Respuesta :
The majority of an atoms' mass comes from the protons and neutrons that make up its nucleus.
Considering the definition of atom, atomic number, mass number and relative atomic mass:
- The parts of an atom are a nucleus and energy levels.
- The chemical identity of an atom can be determined from its atomic number (number of protons in the nucleus).
- The relative atomic mass of an element corresponds to the average of the masses of the isotopes.
An atom is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of a chemical element.
Every atom consists of:
- A nucleus in which neutrons and protons meet.
- Energy levels where electrons are located.
In other words, the atomic nucleus is the central part of the atom that is made up of protons and neutrons, while the orbitals or peripheral region is an area where electrons are found.
Each chemical element is characterized by the number of protons in its nucleus, which is called the atomic number Z. That is, the atomic number indicates the total number of protons in the nucleus of a given atom.
The atomic number is characteristic of each element, that is to say that the chemical identity of an atom can be determined from its atomic number.
On the other hand, the mass number is the total number of particles in the nucleus. That is, the mass number is the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons in the atomic nucleus:
Mass number = (number of protons) + (number of neutrons)
It is represented by the letter A.
Finally, the relative atomic mass of an element corresponds to the average of the masses of the isotopes of each element. That is, the atomic masses of chemical elements are usually calculated as the weighted average of the masses of the different isotopes of each element, taking into account the relative abundance of each of them.
In summary:
- The parts of an atom are a nucleus and energy levels.
- The chemical identity of an atom can be determined from its atomic number (number of protons in the nucleus).
- The relative atomic mass of an element corresponds to the average of the masses of the isotopes.
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