You can use the determinant (square root) of a quadratic equation to determine the number and type of solutions of the equation.
[tex]\sqrt{b^{2}-4ac}[/tex] > 0 → 2 real solutions
[tex]\sqrt{b^{2}-4ac}[/tex] = 0 → 1 real solution (double root)
[tex]\sqrt{b^{2}-4ac}[/tex] < 0 → 2 imaginary(complex) solutions