When the chief clerk arrives only a short time after the company has opened, Gregor is upset about the suspicion that's casted upon him for wasting only an hour of the firm's time.
Here, time symbolizes the capitalist order in which time is money and therefore valuable. Oversleeping is considered a crime due to the fact that wasted time equals wasted money according to the capitalist ideal.
Gregor sees the clerk's visit as a slight on his character rather than a concern for the company.
The narrator allows the reader to observe the absurdity of the depictioned world through Gregor who is quickly becoming alienated from it.
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