Several discoveries from this period can be said that had a great impact on government and business in the Islamic empire.
Algebra and decimal place value system: the introduction of fractions and decimal place value system by Muslim mathematicians helped to develop commerce and taxation in the Islamic world in a more efficient way.
Agriculture: the Arab agricultural revolution that took place at this period, thanks to the development of sophisticated irrigation, farming techniques, and botanical studies, increased the economic prosperity of the caliphate and led to the growth of the urban population.
Paper: the introduction of paper from China and the posterior paper-making technology developed in the Islamic world led to the emergence and rapid diffusion of many books, which transformed the oral Islamic society into a scribal society. This allowed the emergence of many institutions, like schools, libraries, a bureaucracy to manage the accounts of the state and the development of many business techniques like bills of exchange, partnerships, checks, lawsuits, and an early form of credit among many others.
