The major difference between northern and southern African states in medieval times was that North Africa was under direct control of different Islamic caliphates and empires, while in Southern Africa there was a myriad of small tribal states and kingdoms with different beliefs and political systems. Throughout this entire period of time, from 7th to 15th centuries, we can see that North Africa went through the Ummayyad, the Abbasids, the Fatimid Caliphate and Mamluks in Egypt and several Berber caliphates in North-western Africa. On the other hand, in Southern Africa during this period we can find the kingdom of Zimbabwe, the Kingdom of Mapungubwe, the Kingdom of Mutapa or the Kingdom of Butua, all of them held animistic religions and traditions.
The Southern Africa different from North during medieval times because of its influence around it and trading connections.
North Africa during the Medieval people was more flourished as they had a trading connection with the European Empires.
The religion of North Africa was influenced by Islam (Islamic caliphates) with conquering Muslim Empire began to expand their territories in Africa.
The South African region was influenced by its traditional religion, which was practised for generations.
It was surrounded by many tribes and many customs and traditions.
Each tribal-state had different beliefs and political systems.
In South Africa, some of the kingdoms that flourished were the kingdom of Zimbabwe, Mutapa and Mapungubwe.
Therefore we can conclude that the both regions were different in many ways.
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