g(x):
flip f(x) over x-axist and next translate 2 units down.
Look at the picture.
Translations
y = f (x) + m up m units
y = f (x) - m down m units
y = f (x + m) left m units
y = f (x - m) right m units
Stretches/Shrinks
y = n · f (x) stretch vertically by a factor of n
y = 1/n · f (x) shrink vertically by a factor of m (stretch by 1/n)
y = f (1/n x) stretch horizonally by a factor of n
y = f (nx) shrink horizontally by a factor of n (stretch by 1/n)
Reflections
y = - f (x) reflect over x-axis (over line y = 0)
y = f (- x) reflect over y-axis (over line x = 0)
x = f (y) reflect over line y = x