The model above shows the metabolic processes occurring in green plants. Plants use sunlight, plus carbon dioxide and water to produce glucose. The by-product of photosynthesis is oxygen, which is added to our atmosphere. Plants also respire; creating ATP, the energy they need to continue to grow, develop and reproduce. Imagine it is summer; there is a drought. How will the summer drought influence the model we see here?
A) In a response to the drought, stomata will open more frequently. There will be higher outputs of CO2 and O2 as a result.
B) An increase in temperature will cause an increase in chemical activity. There will be increases in all chemical inputs and outputs in the model.
C) Water will be a limiting reactant in the model. As a result, less glucose will be produced. There will be less CO2 in and O2 and H2O out.
Eliminate
D) Water will be a limiting reactant in the model. There will be less H2O in through the roots and less H2O out via transpiration. The other inputs and outputs will remain constant.

Water will be a limiting reactant in the model in drought conditions. As a result, less glucose will be produced. There will be less carbon dioxide in and oxygen and water out. Thus, the correct option is C.

What is photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is defined as the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to form oxygen and energy in the form of glucose.

Under drought stress conditions, many metabolic processes such as photosynthesis, are negatively affected. For example, water deficiency destroy basic organization structure of cells, which stops carbon assimilation and destroys photosynthetic apparatus.

Such a decrease in photosynthesis makes plants to absorbing more light energy than can be consumed by photosynthetic carbon fixation. This excess energy has the potential to provoke an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species including oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, that has been proven to hamper the synthesis of photosystem II (PSII) core D1 protein. Rational with the inhibition of D1 protein synthesis, the activity of photosynthetic electron transport chain (PETC) also reduces.

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