Mechanical advantage is a measure of the force amplification
achieved by using a tool, mechanical device or machine system. Ideally,
the device preserves the input power and simply trades off forces
against movement to obtain a desired amplification in the output force.
The model for this is the law of the lever. Machine components designed to manage forces and movement in this way are called mechanisms.
An ideal mechanism transmits power without adding to or subtracting
from it. This means the ideal mechanism does not include a power source,
and is frictionless and constructed from rigid bodies that do not
deflect or wear. The performance of a real system relative to this ideal
is expressed in terms of efficiency factors that take into account
friction, deformation and wear.
