The average of a set of numbers is the sum of those numbers, divided by how many they are.
So, if we call the fifth score [tex] x [/tex], our dataset is
[tex] 83,\ 73,\ 83\, 77,\ x [/tex]
And their average is
[tex] \dfrac{83 + 73 + 83 + 77 + x}{5} = \dfrac{316+x}{5} [/tex]
We want this quantity to be at least 80, so we ask
[tex] \dfrac{316+x}{5} \geq 80 \iff 316+x \geq 400 \iff x \geq 400-316 = 84 [/tex]
So, pappas must score at least 80.