Given, acceleration of the runner, a = 0.640 m/s²
Final velocity of the runner, v = 5.36 m/s
Time, t = 3 s
Let the velocity of the runner be u when he began accelerating.
Using the first equation of motion,
v=u+at
Substituting the values we get,
[tex] 5.36= u + 0.64*3 [/tex]
[tex] u=5.36-1.92 [/tex]
=3.44 m/s
The velocity of the runner when he began accelerating is 3.44 m/s.