[tex] \bf 512~~,~~\stackrel{512\cdot \frac{1}{2}}{256}~~,~~...4 [/tex]
so, as you can see above, the common ratio r = 1/2, now, what term is +4 anyway?
[tex] \bf n^{th}\textit{ term of a geometric sequence}\\\\a_n=a_1\cdot r^{n-1}\qquad \begin{cases}n=n^{th}\ term\\a_1=\textit{first term's value}\\r=\textit{common ratio}\\----------\\r=\frac{1}{2}\\a_1=512\\a_n=+4\end{cases} [/tex]
[tex] \bf 4=512\left( \cfrac{1}{2} \right)^{n-1}\implies \cfrac{4}{512}=\left( \cfrac{1}{2} \right)^{n-1}\\\\\\\cfrac{1}{128}=\left( \cfrac{1}{2} \right)^{n-1}\implies \cfrac{1}{2^7}=\left( \cfrac{1}{2} \right)^{n-1}\implies 2^{-7}=\left( 2^{-1}\right)^{n-1}\\\\\\(2^{-1})^7=(2^{-1})^{n-1}\implies 7=n-1\implies \boxed{8=n} [/tex]
so is the 8th term, then, let's find the Sum of the first 8 terms.
[tex] \bf \qquad \qquad \textit{sum of a finite geometric sequence}\\\\S_n=\sum\limits_{i=1}^{n}\ a_1\cdot r^{i-1}\implies S_n=a_1\left( \cfrac{1-r^n}{1-r} \right)\quad \begin{cases}n=n^{th}\ term\\a_1=\textit{first term's value}\\r=\textit{common ratio}\\----------\\r=\frac{1}{2}\\a_1=512\\n=8\end{cases} [/tex]
[tex] \bf S_8=512\left[ \cfrac{1-\left( \frac{1}{2} \right)^8}{1-\frac{1}{2}} \right]\implies S_8=512\left(\cfrac{1-\frac{1}{256}}{\frac{1}{2}} \right)\implies S_8=512\left(\cfrac{\frac{255}{256}}{\frac{1}{2}} \right)\\\\\\S_8=512\cdot \cfrac{255}{128}\implies S_8=1020 [/tex]
