Respuesta :
The correct option is (E) Pancreas.
Chemical digestion refers to the breakdown of complex food substrates into simpler products catalysed by the enzymes. The organs and the glands of the alimentary canal are involved in the process of chemical digestion.
Pancreas is an accessory organ assisting the digestive organs and the second largest digestive gland producing about 1200-1500ml of pancreatic juice everyday and aiding in the chemical digestion of food.
The pancreatic juice is an alkaline juice containing many digestive enzymes like trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, amylase, pancreatic lipase, carboxypeptidase, deoxyribopolynucleotidase and traces of sodium bicarbonate. the secretion of the pancreatic juice is regulated by the enzyme secretin.
An injury to pancreas hampers the digestion of fats, carbohydrates and proteins. It is because of the following functions of pancreas.
(1) Trypsinogen is converted to trypsin (by the action of enterokinase) which acts on the proteins converting them into peptides.
(2) Chymotrypsinogen is converted to chymotrypsin (by the action of trypsin) and it is involved in the breakdown of proteins at their aromatic amino acids.
(3) Carboxypeptidase act on the terminal amino acids at the carboxyl end of peptides.
(4) Pancreatic amylase is involved in the breakdown of starch converting it into maltose.
(5) Pancreatic lipase breaksdown the emulsified fats by converting them into fatty acids and glycerol.
Liver is involved in the digestion of fats through bile. Common bile duct conducts bile. Gall bladder is involved in the storage of bile and small intestine is a main digestive organ. So pancreas is the accessory organ involved in the digestion of carbohydrates , proteins and lipids by the secretion of various enzymes, any injury to it will hamper the digestion of the biomolecules.
