During a solar eclipse the condition which happens is that the moon casts a shadow on the Earth.
Solar eclipse observed in that condition when the moon comes in the place between the earth and the sun.
During this allignment of the solar eclipse as we know that moon is present in between the sun and the earth, so the moon blocks the lights partially or fully coming from the sun to fall into the earth and makes shadow on the earth surface.
Hence, the moon casts a shodow on earth.
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