Hi I’m Charles from the University of Alaska Mathematics Department. I have a degree in dentistry, chemistry, zoology, algebra, geometry and finally literature. Anyways I was very interested by your question so I took a look and saw that this indeed is a hard question. However when I look at it it doesnt look to bad but it could pose to be quite difficult. So assuming from the question I could tell that you need to define the square root untill you hit the zero degree of -2. But you could instead solve for negative externalities of the equations and then use the Calvin formula to solve this question. So ultimately the answer is A. I hope this helps!
