Sympathetic Nervous System; Parasympathetic Nervous System
Alma is walking in a park. Suddenly, a wild dog charges toward her. Alma is frightened. The sympathetic nervous system starts to respond by increasing her heart rate and dilating her pupils. After running for a few minutes, Alma realizes that the dog has fallen far behind. At this point, her parasympathetic nervous system starts working to relax her body by slowing down her heart rate and constricting her pupils.
The sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system are components of the autonomic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system, known as the “fight or flight system” activates the neuronal and hormonal response to stress. It prepares the body to respond to threatening situations by causing effects such as pupil dilation, increased sweating, increased heart rate and blood pressure. The parasympathetic nervous system known as the "rest and digest system” is the opposite of sympathetic nervous system. It inhibits a physiological response and it functions by reducing heart rate, constriction of pupil and relaxation of sphincter muscles in the gastrointestinal tract.
The sudden increase in her heart rate and dilating of her pupils is due to sympathetic nervous system.
The relaxing and slowing does of heart rate after realizing no danger is due to parasympathetic nervous system.
The sympathetic nervous system is a system that adjust response of an organism according to the conditions.
When a person feels sudden danger, his heart beat fasts, starts sweating.
Parasympathetic nervous system control the body's relax and digest condition.
Thus, the correct options for the condition is 1. Sympathetic nervous system. 2, parasympathetic nervous system.
Learn more about nervous system.
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