The concept of deviant career developed before that of life-course criminology. There are similarities and differences in the two approaches. How does each explain the changes in criminal behavior over time?
a) Deviant career focuses on individual criminal acts, while life-course criminology focuses on societal factors.
b) Deviant career emphasizes stability in criminal behavior, while life-course criminology emphasizes change over time.
c) Deviant career theory suggests criminal behavior is innate, while life-course criminology suggests it is learned.
d) Deviant career theory and life-course criminology explain criminal behavior using identical frameworks.
