Which of the following is not true of the proton motive force (pmf)?
a. One component of the pmf is the chemical gradient of protons.
b. The pmf is generated by the electron transport chain in mitochondria.
c. The pmf drives ATP synthesis in mitochondria.
d. Generation of the pmf in mitochondria requires exclusively succinate which can produce FADH$_2$ , but not other metabolites.
e. The impermeability of mitochondrial Inner membrane is important to stabilize the pmf
