Identify criteria to establish causality.
Increased sugar intake leads to higher levels of body fat.
Which of the following is NOT necessary to establish causality?
a.)
Look for evidence that greater amounts of sugar intake produces higher levels of body fat.
b.)
Consider alternative explanations for the correlation
c.)
Certainty about the mechanism for cause and effect
d.)
Determine a plausible physical mechanism for cause-and-effect.
