If the difference in electronegativity between two bonded atoms is greater than 2.1, what type of bond is considered? Provide three examples of pairs of atoms with such ionic bonds.
a) Covalent; Examples: H₂O, CO₂, CH₄.
b) Ionic; Examples: NaCl, MgO, CaF₂.
c) Metallic; Examples: Fe, Cu, Au.
d) Hydrogen; Examples: HCl, NH₃, HF.