Because H+ ions (protons) are charged they cannot freely diffuse back to the matrix side. An enzyme called ATP Synthase sits in the inner mitochondrial membrane. ATP Synthase acts as a channel for safe proton passage. ATP Synthase is like a dam that can be opened. H+ ions (protons) diffuse back to the matrix side of the inner mitochondrial membrane through ATP Synthase. Called channel-mediated facilitated diffusion! As protons diffuse back down their gradient, they release the potential energy that was stored in the gradient. Like opening up a dam and creating electricity with the running water. ATP synthase uses the released energy to make lots of ATP."
What is the role of H+ ions in cellular respiration?
