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In debates on the concept of fairness, some people argue that "fair” does not always mean "equal.” In a New Yorker article from January 13, 2020, Louis Menand writes, "The terrible paradox of the civil-rights movement is that outlawing racial discrimination made it harder to remediate its effects. . . . We took race out of the equation only to realize that, if we truly wanted not just equality of opportunity for all Americans but equality of result, we needed to put it back in.” He explains that this paradox came to be known as affirmative action.

Consider the line between the concepts of fairness and equality. Then write an essay in which you argue your position on the idea that "fair does not always mean equal.” Use appropriate and specific evidence to develop and defend your argument.